For the medical student, these are the major topics for the study of the community medicine topics
Community Medicine Major Topics for Medical Students
1. TOPICS ON COMMUNITY MEDICINES
1.1 Family Planning, Safe Motherhood,
1.2 Control of Diarrhoeal Diseases (CDD), Acute Respiratory Diseases(ARI), Nutrition, National Programme on Immunization & Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI)
1.3 Malaria, Kala-azar, Japanese Encephalitis, Filaria
1.4 Human Immuno Deficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)Control
1.5 Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control.
1.6 Health Education, Information and Communication
2. Planning and Management
2.1 Community Health Diagnosis & Health Profile
2.2 Micro Planning of Health Programme
2.3 Supervision, Monitoring, and Evaluation of Health Programmes
2.4 Health Management Information System (HMIS)
2.5 Planning and Management of Camps
2.6 Cold Chain Management
2.7 Health Training Management in Different Settings
2.8 Logistic Management
3. Organizational Structure and Functions
3.1 Ministry of Health and Population (MoHP), Department of Health Service (DoHS), Regional Health Directorate (RHD)
3.2 District Health Office (DHO), District Public Health Office (DPHO)
3.3 Primary Health Care Center (PHCC), Health Post (HP), Sub Health Post (SHP)
4. Community Mobilization & Local Governance
4.1 Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHV) and Mother’s Groups
4.2 Primary Health Care Outreach Clinic
4.3 Community Drug Programme (CDP)
4.4 Mobilization of Local Health Leaders and Committees
4.5 Decentralized Management of Health Services
5. Epidemiology and Disease Control
5.1 Definition, Scope, Causes of Disease and Infection
5.2 Types and Management of Disasters
5.3 Management of Epidemics
5.4 Causes, Signs, Symptoms, Management, Prevention and Control of Gastroenteritis, Dysentery, Cholera, Typhoid Fever, Giardiasis, Malaria, Filariasis, Encephalitis, Kala-azar, Parasitic Infestation, Scabies, Chicken Pox, Influenza, Mumps, Rabies, Hepatitis, Ring Worm, Leprosy, Tuberculosis, Helminthiasis, Pertussis, Measles and Diphtheria
6. Environmental Sanitation
6.1 Water Purification, Waste Management, Food Hygiene, Sanitation of public places, Health Hazards, Sanitary Latrines, Basic Measures in Controlling Rodents, Medical Importance and Measures of Controlling Common Vectors and Insects
7. Child Health Problems and Interventions
7.1 Common Neo-natal Problems
7.2 Common Child Health Problems like CDD, ARI, Malaria and Malnutrition.
7.3 Nutritional Interventions, Immunization Services
8. General Medicine
8.1 General History Taking, Simple Physical Examination, Systemic Examination.
8.2 Various Methods of Diagnosis, Complication, and Management of Diseases in Respiratory, Digestive, Cardiovascular, Urinary, Endocrine, Hematology and Central Nervous System with their terminology, Etiology, and clinical features
9. First Aid and Emergency Management
9.1 Shock, Poisoning, Injuries, Haemorrhage, External bleeding, Thermal and Chemical Burns, Fracture and Dislocation, Frost Bite, Insect bite, Animal bite, Snake bite and Drowning, Abscess and Cellulitis
10. Skin Diseases
10.1 Impetigo, Contagious, Boils, Tinea Infection, Herpes Zoster, Scabies, Eczema,
Allergic Conditions and Acute drug reaction
11. Elementary Surgery
11.1 Haemorrhage, Management of inflammation, Septicemia, Toxemia, Sinus,
fistula, Gangrene, Wound, Tetanus, Acute Pain Abdomen, Hernia, Anal Fissure,
Piles, Acute Retention of Urine, Causes of Frequent Urination and Nocturia,
Management of Rupture of Urethra, Haematuria, Phimosis, Paraphimosis,
Hydrocele, Head Injury, Clinical features and management of Osteomyelitis,
Local Anesthesia, Sterilization of Surgical Instruments
12. Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases
12.1 General Examination Procedures of Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat
12.2 Signs and Symptoms and General Management of Eye Lid complications, Red Eyes, Trachoma, Corneal ulcer, Night Blindness, Cataract, Pterygium, Iridocyclitis, Glaucoma and foreign body in the eyes
12.3 Removal of Wax and Foreign Bodies, Signs and Symptoms and Management of Otitis Media, Otitis Externa, and referral conditions of hearing problems
12.4 Deviated nasal Septum, Nasal polyps, Epistaxis and Sinusitis
12.5 Clinical Features, Complications, and Management of Acute Tonsillitis, Pharyngitis, and Laryngitis
13. Oral Health and Mental Health
13.1 Dental plaques and calculus, Dental Carries, Periodontitis, Peridonal pockets and
Abscess, Importance, and Maintenance of Oral Hygiene
13.2 Psychosis, Neurosis and Mental Retardation
14. Reproductive Health Problems and Interventions
14.1 Male and Female reproductive System, mechanism of Menstruation, Conception, Evolution, Vaginal Discharge, Management of Per Vaginal Bleeding, Post
Menopausal Bleeding, Uterine Prolapsed, Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases; Causes, Signs, Symptoms, and Complication of Entopic pregnancy, Management of Engorgement of Mastitis. and Breast Abscess
14.2 Management of Normal Labor and Early Diagnosis and Referral of Complicated Pregnancy, Labor, Puerperium
14.3 Safe Abortions, Permanent and Temporary Contraceptives
15. Acts and Regulations
15.1 Health Service Act, 2053 and Regulation, 2055
15.2 Health Professional Council Act, 2053 and Regulation, 2056
Sample Questions
1. The route of infection in diarrhea is:
(A) Oral to fecal (B) Faecal to Oral (C) Inhalation (D) Skin Contact
2. The main objectives of Safer Motherhood is
(A) Safe delivery without disturbing the life of the mother
(B) Safe delivery without disturbing the life of a baby
(C) A and B
(D) None of the above
3. Which one does not give a guarantee for contraception?
(A) Vasectomy (B) Intrauterine Device
(C) Oral Pills (D) Breast Feeding
4. The elimination of Leprosy means:
(A) One case per ten thousand populations.
(B) Below one case per ten thousand populations.
(C) One case per thousand populations.
(D) No one case per ten thousand populations.
5. The most sensitive indicator for the health status of the country is:
(A) IMR (B) CDR (C) MMR (D) TFR
6. Coliform present in the water indicates:
(A) Excreta contamination in the water
(B) Mud in the water
(C) Chemical contamination in the water
(D) Pure water
Details of abbreviation used in this curriculum:
ARI Acute Respiratory Infection
AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
CDR Crude Death Rate
CDD Control of Diarrhoeal Disease
DHO District Health Office
DPHO District Public Health Office
DoHS Department of Health Service
EPI Expanded Programme on Immunization
HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus
IMR Infant Mortality Rate
IEC Information, Education, and Communication
HP Health Post
SHP Sub Health Post
HMIS Health Management Information System
FP Family Planning
FCHV Female Community Health Volunteers
TBA Trained Birth Attendants
MoHP Ministry of Health and Population
RHD Regional Health Directorate
MMR Maternal Mortality Rate
TFR Total Fertility Rate
IMCI Integrated Management of Childhood Illness.